Obedience to Authority - 1260 Words

Obedience to Authority No human social organization can function without some degree of obedience to authority, as the alternative would be anarchy leading to total chaos. Hence we find some sort of a hierarchy in both the most underdeveloped and the most civilized societies where certain individuals exercise authority over others. Almost everyone will agree that some degree of authority in certain individuals or groups (and their obedience by other groups) is desirable for the proper functioning of a society. The problem arises when the obedience to authority is taken to extremes. Unfortunately, history has shown that this happens time and again, usually with undesirable results. It is this blind obedience to authority that†¦show more content†¦These shocks were to start at a mild 15 volts and gradually increased to an extremely painful (and lethal) level of 450 volts. During the experiment the teacher was coaxed to continue giving the shocks to the learner. The results of the experiment were mos t disturbing: most (60%) of the â€Å"teachers† (who were ordinary people) continued to give the electric shocks right up to the maximum (lethal) level of 450 volts, just with a little bit of coaxing from the psychologist. Milgram repeated his experiments in several other countries apart from the USA, like Australia, South Africa and several European countries. The response of the â€Å"teachers† in most of these countries was similar. In one of these studies, 85% of the teachers readily â€Å"obeyed† to give the maximum (lethal) punishment to the â€Å"erring† learner. (â€Å"Baxter†). Although no such experiment can be 100% conclusive, the Milgram experiments do shed considerable (and disturbing) light on the behavior of ordinary people in obedience of authority. They also explain, to a large extent, the seemingly perplexing behavior of many ordinary Germans during World War II and some American soldiers in Vietnam. (â€Å"Milgram,† Obedience to Authority..). Another writer who has carried out work of significance on the subject of obedience to authority is Doris Lessing. Although, not a professional sociologist or historian,Show MoreRelatedObedience to Authority1250 Words   |  5 PagesObedience to Authority No human social organization can function without some degree of obedience to authority, as the alternative would be anarchy leading to total chaos. Hence we find some sort of a hierarchy in both the most underdeveloped and the most civilized societies where certain individuals exercise authority over others. Almost everyone will agree that some degree of authority in certain individuals or groups (and their obedience by other groups) is desirable for the proper functioningRead MoreObedience to Authority Essays836 Words   |  4 Pageshuman being’s life; along with this, is the expectation of obedience to that authority. Through this obedience, many great things have been accomplished, as well as many instances of cruel and immoral acts. Defiance of the established authority, though, has also lead to great things, such as the creation and founding of the United States of America. In his writing, Obedience to Authority, Stanley Milgram examines the obedience to authority with out questioning or taking responsibility and the problemsRead MoreEssay on Authority and Obedience2310 Words   |  10 PagesAuthority and Obedience Thesis: We consciously or unconsciously obey authority in all walks of life on a daily basis. Obedience is when there is legitimate power, there is pressure to comply. Compliance with that which is required by authority; subjection to rightful restraint or control. Authority being the legal or rightful power; a right to command or enforce obedience on another. This essay shall discuss, explore and evaluate the explanations as to why peopleRead MoreThe Problems Of Obedience And Authority1849 Words   |  8 PagesOctober 15, 2014 The Problems of Obedience to Authority People will do about anything to stay out of trouble when it comes to someone with authority that cannot be argued with. Stanley Milgram did an experiment on the topic of obedience to authority; he wanted to know how ordinary people could do horrible things if forced to by someone of authority. Obedience to authority is instinctual for human beings, there has and will always be someone with a higher authority than ourselves. How can normal,Read MoreObedience to Authority Essay1816 Words   |  8 PagesAuthority cannot exist without obedience. Society is built on this small, but important concept. Without authority and its required obedience, there would only be anarchy and chaos. But how much is too much, or too little? There is a fine line between following blindly and irrational refusal to obey those in a meaningful position of authority. Obedience to authority is a real and powerful force that should be understood and respected in order to handle each situation in the best possi ble manner.Read MoreEssay on Obedience to Authority574 Words   |  3 PagesObedience to Authority Today our society raises us to believe that obedience is good and disobedience is bad. We are taught that we should all do what we’re told and that the people that are disobedient are almost always bad people. Society tells us this, but it is not true. Most people will even be obedient to the point of causing harm to others, because to be disobedient requires the courage to be alone against authority. In Stanley Milgram’s Perils of Obedience experiment, his studiesRead MoreThe Blind Obedience And Authority1237 Words   |  5 PagesBlind Obedience to Authority Millions of people were killed in Nazi Germany in concentration camps however, Hitler wouldn’t have been able to kill them all, nor could just a handful of people. Obedience is when society influences where/ when an individual acts in response to a direct order from another individual, who is usually the authority figure. It is assumed that without such an order the person would not have acted in this way. In order to obey authority, the obeying person has to acceptRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On Obedience And Authority Essay1358 Words   |  6 Pagesof â€Å"Obedience to Authority,† Milgram aptly points out that â€Å"some system of authority is a requirement of all communal living†(Milgram 1). This is a universal human truth. Authority is something that humanity, from the beginning of time, has consistently relied upon. Milgram argues that â€Å"obedience is the psychological mechanism that links individual action to political purpose† and that it is the â€Å"dispositional cement that binds men to systems of authority† (Milgram 1). I argue that obedience is asRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On Obedience And Authority Essay1149 Words   |  5 Pages Part I: Research paper topic and outline Obedience to Authority Abbygale Javier [IT 150G, 14111; On-line; Elizabeth Rasnick; September 29, 2016] I. Introduction A. Motivation of this research There are little facts about the role of obedience up until now. Psychologists have been debating on factors that constitute obedience within an individual. For example, certain theories suggest that people do horrible actions only if they are ordered to do so. Research has shown that most people obey allRead MorePhysiological Evaluation : Obedience And Authority Essay1055 Words   |  5 PagesPhysiological Evaluation: Obedience to Authority In 1963, physiologist Stanley Milgram brought to light the idea of Obedience to Authority. He was stimulated by the trial and execution of Adolf Eichmann, a Nazi war criminal who was put to death for the crimes he committed under Hitler’s authority (McLeod , Obedience to Authority, 2007). The objective of his research was centered on the question: â€Å"Could it be that Eichmann and his million accomplices in the Holocaust were just following orders? Could

Character Analysis Of Much Ado About Nothing, By William...

Around the world, Shakespeares works are read and analysed. His plays are sorted into four categories: Comedies, Histories, Tragedies and Romances. â€Å"Much Ado About Nothing†, by William Shakespeare, demonstrates the characteristics recurrent in elizabethan tragedies, despite being considered a comedy. These significant elements include: a villain, death, and a tragic love story. To begin, a Shakespearean villain is stereotyped as: an outsider, someone who feels the need for revenge, and someone who spends time plotting his evil actions. All of these elements can be found within Much Ado About Nothing’s Don John. Illegitimate brother of Don Pedro, a nobleman from â€Å"Aragon†, Don John is certainly an outsider. Other characters even call him†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Any bar, any cross, any impediment will be medicinable to me [...] How canst thou cross this marriage.† (Act 2. Scene 2. 3-6) This quote shows Don John plotting his villainous plan to disrupt the love of Claudio and Hero. Don John is undouptably a Shakespearean villain that complements the other elements of this tragedy. Furthermore, William includes the element of death in his tragedies. In Much Ado About Nothing, death is often exaggerated and superficial. In Act 4, Scene 1, Claudio slanders Hero at the altar and Leonato has a desire to die. â€Å"Hath no man’s daggar here a point for me?† (Act 4. Scene 1. 105) Death, at this moment is an exaggerated desire. Leonato feels so ashamed and embarrassed that he wants to die. Consequently, after the slandering, Hero, falls to the ground. Beatrice rushes to her side and calls out that Hero is dead. Hero is not actually dead, though the topic of death is superficial in this case. Hero can not handle the slandering and the fact that her own father would not believe her. Afterwards, the friar devises a plan that involves death. His goal is to clear Hero’s name. The friar explains â€Å" Let her awhile be secretly kept in, and publish it that she is dead indeed† (Act 4. Scene 1. 199-200) Death is again being used but this time it is for deception. The friar continues â€Å"She dying, as it must so be maintained, upon the instant that she was accused, shall be lamented, pitied, and excused.†(Act 4. Scene 1. 211-213) The false deathShow MoreRelatedA Comparison Between the Plots of King Lear and Much Ado about Nothing910 Words   |  4 Pagesstatement to say that William Shakespeare wrote some of the greatest plays of all time. This is accepted by everyone from high schoolers to experts as fact. But everyone is always wondering, what makes them great? Well, at the heart of every great Shakespeare play is a well written plot. But how can one man churn out all these plays he’s written, and still have new content in each one? Ar en’t they all the same story to some extent? As Lindsay Smith writes, â€Å"Many Shakespeare plays, like most typicalRead More Much Ado About Nothing Essay: Effective Use of the Foil1025 Words   |  5 PagesEffective Use of the Foil in   Much Ado About Nothing      Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, the famous British poet William Blake wrote that without contraries there is no progression - Attraction and repulsion, reason and imagination, and love and hate are all necessary for human existence (Blake 122).   As Blake noted, the world is full of opposites.   But, more importantly, these opposites allow the people of the world to see themselves and their thoughts more clearly.   For, as BlakeRead MoreMuch Ado About Nothing: Pride and Prejudice1431 Words   |  6 PagesIn Much Ado About Nothing, William Shakespeare depicts both Benedick and Beatrice as characters with one major flaw: both are full of pride. With the use of the masquerade scene, as well as the orchard scenes, Shakespeare allows the characters to realize their awry characteristic. By realizing their erroneous pride, Benedick and Beatrice are able to correct this and not only become better citizens, but fall in love. From the very first scene in the play, Beatrice is shown as a character who isRead MoreThe Character Elbow in Shakespeares Play, Measure for Measure1513 Words   |  7 PagesThe Character Elbow in Shakespeares Play, Measure for Measure In Act 2, scene 1 of the play Measure for Measure the character Elbow, a representation of the Comedic Constable often depicted in William Shakespeares comedies and traji-comedies, gives the director an unusual creative license in portraying this figure to give the audience a rich theatrical experience. (Evans 427) These characters are most commonly depicted as artless, inadequate, naà ¯ve, and prosaic men who bumble throughRead More How the Characters in Much Ado About Nothing Learn to Love Essay2994 Words   |  12 PagesHow the Characters in Much Ado About Nothing Learn to Love  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The title of Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing has sparked scholarly debates about its meaning for centuries.   Some say it is a play on the term â€Å"noting†, revolving around the theme of all sorts of deceptions by all sorts of appearances (Rossiter 163).   Others claim it has more to do with everyone making a fuss about things that turn out to be false, therefore, nothing (Vaughn 102).   Regardless of these speculations,Read More Analysis of Much Ado About Nothing Essay3681 Words   |  15 PagesAnalysis of Much Ado About Nothing Much Ado About Nothing illustrates a kind of deliberately puzzling title that seems to have been popular in the late 1590s (ex quot;As You Like Itquot;). Indeed, the play is about nothing; it follows the relationships of Claudio and Hero (which is constantly hampered by plots to disrupt it), and in the end, the play culminates in the two other main characters falling in love (Beatrice and Bena*censored*), which, because it was an event that was quite predictableRead More William Shakespeares Presentation of the Two Pairs of Lovers in Much Ado About Nothing 1857 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Presentation of the Two Pairs of Lovers in Much Ado About Nothing Much Ado About Nothing would have been pronounced Much Ado About Noting in Shakespeares time. Noting would infer seeing how things appear on the surface as opposed to how things really are. This provides an immediate clue as to how the play and the presentation of the story of the two pairs of lovers would be received by an audience of the time, livingRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing3289 Words   |  14 PagesSection One Title Analysis: As an author, William Shakespeare had titles ranging from the light at heart and ethereal to the rigid and formal. The title, Much Ado About Nothing, is one such title that fits very neatly into his light at heart category. However this doesn t mean that the title doesn t reflect the story as in Shakespeare s other plays. His light at heart stories have titles that are just as reflective as his more serious titles. The title is an obvious indicator of the story thatRead MoreIn modern times, a couple usually does not plan to get married less than a week after meeting. Yet1800 Words   |  8 Pagessmall Italian town of Messina in William Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing, the young Claudio and Hero plan to get married as soon as possible. That is, until Claudio is fed false information that Hero is not a virgin and slanders her at the altar. During the Elizabethan era when this play was written, most female roles and women in general were treated without respect as Hero was and were only prized on their physical characteristics. Much Ado About Nothing was an important play in the ElizabethanRead Moreevery day use3221 Words   |  13 PagesThe paper s title Your name Page number Character analysis of the story â€Å"Everyday Use† by Alice Walker 1) Pay attention to the character’s ethics. Does the character make just or unjust choices? Consider Atticus Finch in Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird. Atticus does not make morally correct choices only when it is convenient for him to do so. Rather, he shows he’s a truly just character by sticking to his principles even when his life is at stake. 2) Decide

Design And Performance Of A Supply Chain In Food Industry -samples

Question: Discuss about the Design And Performance Of A Supply Chain In Food Industry . Answer: Introduction The supply chain is the network that exists between a company and its suppliers that enable the company to produce and distribute their products, the supply chain represents the systematic steps taken by the firm to deliver the product or service to its clients. Supply chain management is an important process since a well-optimized supply chain leads to reduce production costs and faster production cycle hence the company benefits with a significant profit margin. Supply chain involves the suppliers, manufacturers, and retailers who distribute the end product or service to the customer. In a food industry, the supply chain is critical compared to other supply chains since most of the foods are perishable and are prawn to going bad if not handled with care or even if they don't reach the company and consumers at the right time. Its every food industry wish to produce and supply high-quality foods at all time to their clients (Manzini Accorsi 2013, p.256). However this is a challenge since most of the food is produced in small scale, and marketing channels available are considered nonprofit able to local or small scale food producers. Quality, price and on time delivery are the important perspective that is viewed in the food supply chain industry. Australian Dairy Supply Chain In Australia, since the drop of regulation in dairy products in 2000 the stakeholders in the Australian dairy food supply chain have been confronted with a complex and a gradually changing environment. Supermarkets in Australia emerged as the dominant in supply chain development, but they also depended on other supply chain participants. The future supply chain development is highly dependent on the capabilities of the supply chain stakeholders and the strategic organization within the processing companies (Smith, Lawrence and Richards 2010, p146). The companies also need to be vigilant and be responsive to the ever changing user needs and the dynamics of the market environment. In Australia cooperative work as the main link between the farmers and the consumer, they are also concerned with value addition and packaging of commercial dairy products. The coordination between the key participants in the chain has been ongoing with competition being high from the superior performers. The coordination focuses on two fundamental requirements for a successful supply chain; efficiency within the supply chain by cutting costs out of the system and the favorable alignment between what is being produced and what is being provided in the market. Therefore its important to have a healthy coordination between the farmers and the cooperatives to ensure efficiency in service delivery. Activities of an individual participant in a supply chain can impact that of other participants since they revolve under an interdependent system. It's therefore important to sort out the challenges and modify the system so that the joint productivity is increased. However in a supply chain conflicts are inevitable it's important to strengthen the relationship to ensure maximum productivity from the interrelationship. Utilization, Source And Processing Of Milk In Australia The Australian industry is that third largest rural industry in Australia with eighty percent of the milk produced coming from the south eastern part of the country. Fifty-five percent of the milk produced in Australia is exported accounting for sixteen percent of the global dairy export (Bourlakis,Maglaras ,Gallear and Fotopoulos 2014, 61). The milk produced is meant for two broad categories of the market: fluid drinking milk and manufacturing milk that is supposed to produce dairy products like cheese and butter. Cooperatives in Australia have dominated the processing industry accounting about seventy-five percent of all the milk output. The major milk processors in Australia include dairy farmers, national foods, and Parmalat which handles about eighty-six percent of the Australian drinking milk. The Australian domestic market is moved through three principal distribution channels being; the route trade, supermarkets, and food service channels. Supermarkets which include both the major and smaller chain groups represent the largest growing channel of distribution. The route trade which includes small retail outlets and convenience stores is the second biggest dairy product distribution channel. The food service channel is the most minor but still growing including the restaurants, caterers, and fast food outlets. Australia Deregulation Before the deregulation in Australia, the milk manufacturing market was characterized by open access where trading of milk between states was done freely. The state dairy authority came to set the market prices from the farmer up to the retailer. Distribution of milk in the market was also regulated with vendors being limited to make sales at specific zones. Controlled supply characterized the relationships between the producers, processors and the retailers. The deregulation led to supply chain becoming more integrated, and innovation in product process and supply chain is becoming revolutionized in the way the products are being produced, distributed and marketed. Deregulation opened up many opportunities for retailers regarding increasing their margins in the new supply chain. Major supermarkets now demand fresh produce to come from the suppliers and distributors who comply with the food standard code and good manufacturing practices. Having a competitive market with fresh milk and other milk products characterized with oversupply and commodity orientation the only way to a competitive advantage is through innovation. Government Policies Changing of government policies and public perception towards environmental sustainability has resulted in environment consideration at all stages of the supply chain (Peter and Rowley, 2010.p 1327). All stakeholders including supermarkets are emphasizing on minimization of waste, reduction of energy consumption and recycling. Processors, on the other hand, are designing environmental friendly packages while the milk producers are under the scrutiny of water management, land use systems, and animal welfare. Conclusion Evaluation of the Australian dairy food supply chain shows the potential of the supply chain concept for industrial development of the dairy food chains. Conceptualizing the supply chain dynamics provide insights into potential opportunities for change ,resources and capability that are likely to contribute to the dairy success in the short and long term. Continuous improvements in the Australian dairy supply chain will benefit not only the individual firms but also the large cooperatives. Bibliography Peters, G.M., Rowley, H.V., Wiedemann, S., Tucker, R., Short, M.D. and Schulz, M., 2010. Red meat production in Australia: life cycle assessment and comparison with overseas studies.Environ. Sci. Technol,44(4), pp.1327-1332. Parfitt, J., Barthel, M. and Macnaughton, S., 2010. Food waste within food supply chains: quantification and potential for change to 2050.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences,365(1554), pp.3065-3081. Klerkx, L. and Nettle, R., 2013. Achievements and challenges of innovation co-production support initiatives in the Australian and Dutch dairy sectors: a comparative study.Food Policy,40, pp.74-89. Bourlakis, M., Maglaras, G., Gallear, D. and Fotopoulos, C., 2014. Examining sustainability performance in the supply chain: The case of the Greek dairy sector.Industrial Marketing Management,43(1), pp.56-66. Smith, K., Lawrence, G. and Richards, C., 2010. Supermarkets governance of the agri-food supply chain: is the corporate-environmentalfood regime evident in Australia?.International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food,17(2), pp.140-161. Cary, J. and Roberts, A., 2011. The limitations of environmental management systems in Australian agriculture.Journal of Environmental Management,92(3), pp.878-885.

Ingenieria en Sistemas Computacionales Essays -

Ingenieria en Sistemas Computacionales Taller de administracion Lic. G. Montserrat Ayala Arreola Facebook: Administracion y el entorno de las empresas Integrantes : N.14 Estrella Molino Jesus Guillermo N.36 Beverly Urias 26 de Septiembre de 2017 indice TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \uIntroduccion PAGEREF _Toc367990015 \h 3 Sistema de modelo abierto PAGEREF _Toc367990016 \h 4 Medio externo de la empresa PAGEREF _Toc367990017 \h 5 Medio interno de la empresa PAGEREF _Toc367990018 \h 6 Cultura Corporativa PAGEREF _Toc367990019 \h 7 La globalizacion y la administracion PAGEREF _Toc367990020 \h 9 Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc367990021 \h 11 Bibliografia PAGEREF _Toc367990022 \h 12 Introduccion En el presente trabajo hablaremos sobre la empresa ya muy conocida llamada Facebook .Explicaremos cuales son los factores internos y externos que intervienen en su funcionamiento, mencionaremos como es su interaccion con el ambiente y como se ajusta para crecer .Todos estos concepto los veremos desde una perspectiva administrativa ,de como la organizacion los maneja en su beneficio y se ha propagado con ellos a otros paises. Los principales temas que veremos en este documento seran el modelo de sistema abierto, el medio externo ,el medio interno ,la cultura corporativa y la globalizacion ,todo esto con respecto a Facebook . En el primer tema describiremos como su modelo utiliza tres esenciales partes para operar ,la entrada ,el proceso y la salida .En el sistema de medio externo veremos factores economicos, sociologicos, y tambien tecnologicos, es decir quienes son sus clientes y inversionista ,asi como algunos de sus competidores .En el interno, veremos los principales componentes de la organizacion ,su tecnologia ,personal y componentes fisicos. En su cultura resaltaremos sus valores, normas, su logotipo, eslogan, etc. Por ultimo tambien se mostrara como se fue esparciendo a otros paises y su cambio con el tiempo. El objetivo especifico de este trabajo es conocer ampliamente la estructura tanto interna como externa de la empresa, asi como su modo de empresas ,su organizacion y como estos ultimos los emplea para la globalizacion .El proposito de todo esto es que nosotros entendamos con base la investigacion de esta empresa estos aspectos y como estan vinculados en su administracion . Sistema de modelo abierto Toda entidad organizada que realiza una funcion se puede definir como un sistema, ya que sus componentes se relacionan entre si para lograr algo. Asi pues, una empresa como Facebook tambien es un sistema que esta compuesto por multiples componentes y elemento que le facilitan su operacion .Esta sigue el modelo abierto que a diferencia del cerrado le ofrece mayores oportunidades en su sector. En este modelo ha tenido que incorporar cualidades como la flexibilidad al cambio porque en el depende del entorno y no solo que suceda dentro de la empresa ,para mantenerse a flote. Tambien ha tenido que adquirir la cualidad de la innovacion y adaptacion al cambio. Entrada Como Facebook ofrece el servicio de la comunicacion por medio del internet, esta solo necesita de insumos tecnologicos como aparatos (computadoras) , herramientas (como kits de software),contar con instalaciones (la principal esta en Menlo ,California) ,informacion (sobre problematicas, modas, necesidades ) ,centrales de datos y el personal para realizar el trabajo .Lo del capital viene de ganancias ,inversionistas extranjeros y bancos. Proceso Con base a la informacion ,estadistica y analisis de los datos Facebook puede mejorar su servicio (dar mantenimiento ), desarrollar nuevas productos y adquirir otras empresas o aplicaciones como Whatsapp que le pueden servir para lograr su objetivos. De esta maneja ayuda satisfacer nuestras necesidades. Salida Facebook como resultado de todo lo anterior nos proporciona apps como App Facebook, Poke, Whatsapp , Facebook Lite , Messenger y nos deja a nuestra disposicion la pagina web oficial, para que la utilicemos como una red social. Medio externo de la empresa Clientes El tipo de persona que usa los servicios de comunicacion de Facebook ,trata de satisfacer necesidades .Estas necesidades son mayormente emocionales con el mundo o relacionadas con la interaccion social. Proveedores: Facebook le ofrecen algunas empresasa paginas para que ellos vendan productos y hacer que mas personas utilizan Facebook, tanto como red social como para comprar productos de la empresa y que esta siga creciendo .Al igual hay famosos son proveedores ,ya mas gente se uniran is hay famosas en la pagina. Inversion y bancos Facebook tiene muchos inversionistas y esta presente en la bolsa

Learn How to Use Lo in Spanish

Learn How to Use Lo in Spanish Lo is one of those words that doesnt always have a clear definition - and it can function in at least three different ways, as a subject pronoun, object pronoun, or definite article. When you run across the word in a sentence and dont know what it means, you often need to figure out first how it is being used. Here, in rough order of how common they are, are the ways that lo can be used: Using Lo as a Masculine Direct-Object Pronoun As a direct object, lo can be translated as either him or it. The feminine equivalent is la.  ¿Pablo? No lo vi. (Pablo? I didnt see him.)El coche es muy caro. Quiero comprarlo. (The car is very expensive. I want to buy it.)Dmelo. (Give it to me.)No creo que lo hayas conocido. (I dont think youve met him.) Note that in the above sentences where lo means him, referring to a person, it would be very common in some areas, particularly in Spain, to use le instead of lo. The use of le as a direct object pronoun is known as leà ­smo. Using Lo as a Neuter Definite Article The definite articles in Spanish, typically el and la when singular, are the equivalent of the English the. Lo can be used as a neuter definite article before an adjective to make an abstract noun. For example, lo importante can be translated as the important thing, that which is important, or what is important. Lo bueno es que hemos sido ms listos. (The good thing is that we have been more clever.)Lo barato sale caro. (What seems cheap ends up expensive.)Lo mejor es que me voy a casa. (The best thing is that Im going home.)Lo mà ­o es tuyo. (What is mine is yours.)El entrenador se especializa en lo imposible. (The coach specializes in the impossible.) Lo as a Neuter Direct-Object Pronoun Lo can be used as an object pronoun to refer to something abstract, to an unnamed activity or situation, or to a previous statement. Used in this way, lo is usually translated as it, sometimes as that: No podemos hacerlo. (We cant do it.)No lo comprendo. (I dont understand that.)Mi religià ³n no lo prohibe, pero cada vez que lo hago, le doy las gracias al animal por darme vida. (My religion doesnt prohibit it, but every time I do it, I give thanks to the animal for giving me life.) Using Lo With Ser and Estar It is common when answering questions to use lo  before  the verbs for to be to refer to a preceding noun or adjective. When used in this way, lo has neither number nor gender. -  ¿Es nueva tu computadora?. - No lo es. (Is your computer new? It isnt.)-  ¿Estaban felices?  - Sà ­, lo estaban. (Were they happy? Yes, they were.) Using Lo Que and Lo Cual The phrases lo que and lo cual serve as relative pronouns usually meaning that, what, or that which: La marihuana: Lo que los padres deben saber. (Marijuana: What parents ought to know.)Mis padres me daban todo lo que yo necesitaba. (My parents gave me everything that I needed.)No puedo decidir lo que es mejor. (I cant decide what is better.)No todo lo que brilla es oro. (Not everything that shines is gold.) Using Lo De The phrase lo de can be translated differently depending on the context, but generally means something like the matter concerning: Los senadores republicanos fueron informados sobre lo de la CIA. (The Republican senators were informed about the CIA matter.)Lo de que las nià ±as japonesas se perdieron no era una mentira. (The story about the Japanese girls getting lost wasnt a lie.)Lo de Castro es todo pretextos y mentiras segà ºn sus enemigos. (Castros way of doing things is all pretexts and lies, according to his enemies.) Using Lo in Phrases Phrases using lo, not necessarily in a way that seems intuitive, include: a lo largo de, throughouta lo lejos, in the distancea lo loco, like crazya lo mejor, probablylo sabe todo, he/she knows it allpor lo general, generallypor lo menos, at leastpor lo pronto, for nowpor lo tanto, as a resultpor lo visto, apparently Using Lo as an Indirect Object In some regions, you may occasionally hear the use of lo as an indirect object instead of le. However, this practice, known as loà ­smo, is considered substandard and should be avoided by those learning the language.

Ancient Mayan Warriors and Warfare

Ancient Mayan Warriors and Warfare The Maya were a mighty civilization based in the low, rainy forests of southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize whose culture peaked around 800 A.D. before going into steep decline. Historical anthropologists used to believe the Maya were a peaceful people, who warred upon one another rarely if at all, preferring instead to dedicate themselves to astronomy, building, and other non-violent pursuits. Recent advances in the interpretation of stonework at Maya sites have changed that, however, and the Maya are now considered a very violent, warmongering society. Wars and warfare were important to the Maya for a variety of reasons, including subjugation of neighboring city-states, prestige, and capture of prisoners for slaves and sacrifices. Traditional Pacifist Views of the Maya Historians and cultural anthropologists began seriously studying the Maya in the early 1900s. These first historians were impressed with the great Maya interest in the cosmos and astronomy and their other cultural achievements, such as the Maya calendar and their large trade networks. There was ample evidence of a warlike tendency among the Maya - carved scenes of battle or sacrifice, walled compounds, stone, and obsidian weapon points, etc. - but the early Mayanists ignored this evidence, instead of sticking to their notions of the Maya as a peaceful people. As the glyphs on the temples and stelae began to yield their secrets to dedicated linguists, however, a very different picture of the Maya emerged. The Maya City-States Unlike the Aztecs of Central Mexico and the Inca of the Andes, the Maya were never a single, unified empire organized and administered from a central city. Instead, the Maya were a series of city-states in the same region, linked by language, trade, and certain cultural similarities, but often in lethal contention with one another for resources, power, and influence. Powerful cities like Tikal, Calakmul, and Caracol frequently warred upon one another or upon smaller cities. Small raids into enemy territory were common: attacking and defeating a powerful rival city was rare but not unheard of. The Maya Military Wars and major raids were led by the Ahau or King. Members of the highest ruling class often were military and spiritual leaders of the cities and their capture during battles was a key element of military strategy. It is believed that many of the cities, especially the larger ones, had large, well-trained armies available for attack and defense. It is unknown if the Maya had a professional soldier class as the Aztecs did. Maya Military Goals The Maya city-states went to war with one another for several different reasons. Part of it was military dominance: to bring more territory or vassal states under the command of a larger city. Capturing prisoners was a priority, especially high-ranking ones. These prisoners would be ritually humiliated at the victorious city: sometimes, the battles were played out again in the ball court, with the losing prisoners sacrificed after the â€Å"game.† It is known that some of these prisoners remained with their captors for years before finally being sacrificed. Experts disagree about whether these wars were waged solely for the purpose of taking prisoners, like the famous Flower Wars of the Aztecs. Late in the Classic period, when the warring in the Maya region became much worse, cities would be attacked, looted and destroyed. Warfare and Architecture The Maya penchant for warfare is reflected in their architecture. Many of the major and minor cities have defensive walls, and in the later Classic period, newly-founded cities were no longer established near productive land, as they had been previously, but rather on defensible sites such as hilltops. The structure of the cities changed, with the important buildings all being inside the walls. Walls could be as high as ten to twelve feet (3.5 meters) and were usually made of stone supported by wooden posts. Sometimes the construction of walls seemed desperate: in some cases, walls were built right up to important temples and palaces, and in some cases (notably the Dos Pilas site) important buildings were taken apart for stone for the walls. Some cities had elaborate defenses: Ek Balam in the Yucatan had three concentric walls and the remains of a fourth one in the city center. Famous Battles and Conflicts The best-documented and possibly the most important conflict was the struggle between Calakmul and Tikal in the fifth and sixth centuries. These two powerful city-states were each dominant politically, militarily and economically in their regions, but were also relatively close to one another. They began warring, with vassal cities like Dos Pilas and Caracol changing hands as the power of each respective city waxed and waned. In 562 A.D. Calakmul and/or Caracol defeated the mighty city of Tikal, which fell into a brief decline before regaining its former glory. Some cities were hit so hard that they never recovered, like Dos Pilas in 760 A.D. and Aguateca sometime around 790 A.D. Effects of Warfare on Maya Civilization Between 700 and 900 A.D., most of the important Maya cities in the south and central regions of the Maya civilization went silent, their cities abandoned. The decline of the Maya civilization is still a mystery. Different theories have been proposed, including excessive warfare, drought, plague, climate change and more: some belief in a combination of factors. Warfare almost certainly had something to do with the disappearance of the Maya civilization: by the ​late Classic period wars, battles and skirmishes were quite common and important resources were dedicated to wars and city defenses. Source: McKillop, Heather. The Ancient Maya: New Perspectives. New York: Norton, 2004.

Pressure on students Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pressure on students - Research Paper Example The students may end up in unfair practices because of the pressure that is being imposed upon them. In several instances it is seen that the students have cheated for their exams so that they can achieve better grades. In other words pressure is causing the students to go through ethical dilemmas which they otherwise may not go through. Similarly it is also found that the students undergo anxiety because of the pressure that they feel. Moreover in exams the students may not be able to perform well because of this very pressure. It has been argued by many that this pressure can create many difficulties for the students and this aspect would be further analyzed in this essay (Welch et al 2007). Students are pressurized by parents mostly to perform better so that they can achieve good grades. But this pressure has been directly linked to the anxiety found in the students. This anxiety can further affect the results of the students in a special environment. It has been found that studen ts who are anxious when giving a test tend to perform lower than the ones who have not been informed. In other words the students who tend to be pressurized about a test perform lower than the ones who are not pressurized about it. Another process of ‘catastrophizing’ may occur when the students fear the consequences of the test before even attempting it. This again is a process through which the students are pressurized and this affects the grades of the students. In other words high pressure can affect the grades of the students negatively rather than positively (Welch et al 2007). During the student life it is seen that the students have to undergo a lot of pressure from parents and peers. A study conducted showed that students of both genders were under pressure from their peers during their school life. It is because of this that the students have to undergo a great deal of pressure and this affects their grading. Students who undergo pressure cannot withstand it a t times and they undergo other social problems while trying to achieve better grades (Gewertz 2005). Pressure on students is enforced by the parents and peers so that they can achieve good grades. Professor Eric Roberts has blamed the norm of getting higher grades a primary problem which increases plagiarism and cheating in academic institutions. It has been found that the pressure inflicted upon the students by parents and peers leads to a greater level of stress amongst the students. The problem has become so bad that the stress levels have also been indicated to be a health epidemic. It has also been found that because of the stress levels the students tend to forget the ethical values that are involved in education. A lecturer Clark Pope stated that â€Å"The students "know [cheating] is wrong; they tell me they wish they didn't do it†¦."But they feel like the most important thing they do is get the grades, by hook or by crook." This clearly shows that to achieve higher gr ades the students forget their ethical limits and get involved in the practice of cheating. Achieving higher grades has become a norm for every student and this should be somehow removed from the minds of the students. The students on one hand are able to achieve higher grades but on the other hand the ethical problems are on the rise and this can be accounted to the pressures that these students are facing (Palmer 2005). The problem of peer and parent pressure in students has increased so much that Stanford

Management Styles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Management Styles - Essay Example Penalties such as fines are imposed in the negative style of management. These negative style managers dominate their subordinates by putting emphasis on the imposition of penalties and fines for substandard performance such as being fired or suspended from their present's jobs without pay, reprimand and even, in rare occasions, insults in front of their fellow workers. This style of management is very proper for some employees but may not be recommended for other employee types. The employee turnover will be higher than other management styles because the employees. This domineering management style results to lower job satisfaction because the some employees will prefer to resign than to be insulted or reprimanded in front of their workers. This is the autocratic management style. On the opposite end, some managers use the positive style of management. The managers will give better education benefits and offer rewards and even promotions for excellent and above par performances. This is the custodial management style. A third management power style occurs when there is a mixture of both the negative and positive style of management. ... imanding can be used and there is other situation, at work, when the positive style of giving rewards and bonuses will increase worker production outputs.Management's use of power to change organisational realities by getting others to do what they want done is further strengthened by the Protestant ethics during the Protestant Reformation that it is a MORAL obligation to work in order to have salvation. This ethic was one of the sparks that kindled the factory working procedures in the 18th century. Therefore, man felt that is a normal for a superior to order the workers to perform certain assigned tasks that will contribute to the accomplishment of over-all company goals and objectives Frederic W. Taylor (Waring, 1991) studied human behaviour ( Grandjean & Kroener, 1997) at work in his management science. He equates the organization as a cheap machine where the human workers, managers and supervisors are likened to its many parts or subdivisions. Each must coordinate and cooperate with each other for the smooth accomplishment of company goals. The human workers are treated just like cheap machine spare parts that can be replaced, transferred, mended and strengthened.Management has the power for the company to implement Frederic Taylor's work procedures such that each task can be broken down into its smallest unit and the best person to do a specific job should be selected so that there will more products manufactured in lesser time at a better quality standard for Frederic Taylor saw that the interaction of human characteristics, social environment, task and physical environment, capacity, speed, durability and cost contributes much to the speedy and quality accom plishment of company goals and objectives. Taylor's method has increased

Wil Haygood Paper Essay Example for Free

Wil Haygood Paper Essay On September 12th, I attended the talk with Wil Haygood discussing his new movie â€Å"The Butler. † It seemed that the entire community came together to see Wil Haygood speak that night. The entire gym was filled to see Wil, and you could tell that he was very appreciative. I am really glad that I chose to go to the talk rather than the movie because I got to hear about Wil Haygood’s life and how the movie really came to be. I can always go and see the movie whenever I want, but this was a great chance to see what Wil has to say and listen to him talk about his inspiration behind the book and movie. ODU’s manager of communications, Thomas Brockman, introduced everyone that was a part of the event. First, Don Davis was introduced because she made the Butler book possible. Davis was the publisher of â€Å"The Butler. † Next, Steven Reece came to the podium. He had a 22 year career at the Washington Post and edited Haygood’s original article. These two people were extremely significant in the success that â€Å"The Butler† has had. Finally, the author, Wil Haygood, was introduced. I was excited to hear about his journey and his perseverance in making all of this possible. Wil Haygood was born and raised in Columbus, Ohio, where his career as a writer began. He attended Ohio Dominican University as a high school student and received his bachelor degree from Miami University of Ohio. It is inspiring that someone as successful as him has roots from ODU. In high school he was accepted into the Upward Bound Program and it remained the greatest moral movement in United States history. It is great that Haygood was getting involved at such a young age and trying to make a difference in our country. Haygood had become successful during his career as a journalist. His success as a writer had only developed more when he received a call from a lady that told him about Eugene Allen. This call is what started it all. He relentlessly pursued to get a hold of Allen and had to make 57 different phone calls until he finally reached him. Haygood was not going to let anything get in his way of getting to talk to Eugene. Eugene worked as a White House butler for 34 years and never missed a day of work. He served as a butler from Harry Truman to Ronald Reagan. Allen agreed for Haygood to come over and speak with him. However, before he said anything Mrs. Allen had to make sure Haygood was a good person. Finally she gave Eugene permission to show Haygood the basement. The basement was dedicated to the presidents and his life. All of this gave Haygood critical information to be able to write about Eugene. I always commend people that go out and find these stories because without Haygood we would not know about Eugene Allen. Many obstacles got in Haygood’s way where he could have called it quits, but he kept moving forward. Once the book came out it was an instant New York Times Best Seller. It is considered one of the best political books of the year. I have not had a chance to read the book yet, but after hearing from Wil Haygood it is definitely a book that I want to read. History can tell us so much about our country and this book can tell us more in depth about the history that Eugene Allen was a part of. I am glad I attended this event because it showed me that if one really wants something, then he should go after it. Failure is always going to happen, but if one never goes out and tries, he would never know if he could actually achieve his goal. Haygood made a name for himself by putting himself out there and making a difference. I want to be an individual that makes a difference and Haygood has given me inspiration to go after what I want.

Restraint in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay -- Heart Darkness

     Ã‚   "Restraint! I would have just as soon expected restraint from a hyena prowling amongst the corpses of a battle," comments Marlow as he questions why the hungry cannibals aboard his steamer hadn't gone for the white crew members (Conrad 43). "The glimpse of the steamboat . . . filled those savages with unrestrained grief," Marlow explains after recalling the cries of the natives seeing the steamer amidst a brief fog lift (Conrad 44). "Poor fool! He had no restraint, no restraint . . .a tree swayed by the wind," speaks Marlow of a slain helmsman amidst an attack by tribal savages (Conrad 52). "Mr. Kurtz lacked restraint in the gratification of his various lusts," says Marlow a few moments after he tells of his first glimpse of severed human heads fixed atop posts at the Inner Station (Conrad 58). Restraint. The word is used time and time again throughout the text. Acknowledging restraint and the lack thereof in characters as the story progresses in Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness is paramount to any understanding of the work. The storyteller Marlow first believes that restraint is what separates civilization from chaos and society from savagery. As his journey into the heart of darkness progresses, however, he learns that such a conclusion is rash, and that there is far more to the matter than simply that. Literary critic Cedric Watts comments upon the ambiguity of the title of Heart of Darkness. In Watts' view, the phrase can mean both "the center of a dark" and "the heart which has the quality of being dark (54). This question regarding the title's meaning can have an answer when one considers restraint. Restraint goes hand in hand with rationality, which is associated with the brain. Lack of restraint can, ... .... New York: Penguin, 1999. Print. D'Avanzo, Mario. "Conrad's Motley as an Organizing Metaphor." Heart of Darkness. Edited by Robert Kimbrough. New York: Norton & Company, Inc., 1971. 251-253. Henrikson, Bruce. "Heart of Darkness and the Gnostic Myth." Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness: Modern Critical Interpretations. Edited by Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. 45-56. Joseph Conrad. 2012. Web 6 Nov. 2013. http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/jconrad.htm. Ong,Walter J. "Truth in Conrad's Darkness." Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness and The Secret Sharer. Edited by Harold Bloom. Broomall: Chelsea House Publishers, 1996. 59-62. Watts, Cedric. "Conrad's Heart of Darkness: A Critical and Contextual Discussion." Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness and The Secret Sharer. Edited by Harold Bloom. Broomall: Chelsea House Publishers, 1996. 54-56.

The Googley Way to Success

At first glance, one might wonder if the employees in the Googleplex, the headquarters of Google located in Silicon Valley, California, actually did any serious work, or were they hired to simply loft around the complex. The company doesn’t seem to run the place like any other corporations I am aware of, much more organization order is something which does not reveal itself at Google.The employees, most often referred to as googlers; seem to have no problem in the way the company is run. In fact, it appears that if we look closely, the chaotic atmosphere, that may be very bothering for other companies, is exactly why people choose to become googlers. What we have in Google, is company whose way of going about things coincides with its goal provide its patrons with fast (as in get them off the website as soon as possible, fast) service. As such, it demands its people to work in the same manner, fast-pace thinking, even pleased at the higher possibility of acting despite risks.G oogle states that its mission is â€Å"to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful†; this is anchored on the fact that Google itself grew out of one product/service, its search engine. Consequently, this is strengthened by the philosophies the company holds true, and promotes throughout its staff of techie and non-techie employees.The focus it appears is not the technology, rather CEO Eric Schmidt, co-founders, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, centered they’re attention on the people involved, user and googler. These individuals appeared to have mastered the concept of motivation for its people as well as customer satisfaction. The company works, as imbibe with its values, by letting these two elements work together.â€Å"Google puts users first when it comes to our online service; Google Inc. puts employees first when it comes to daily life in our Googleplex headquarters. There is an emphasis on team achievements and pride in individu al accomplishments that contribute to the company's overall success† (ten things Google has found to be true, 2007).No matter what theory of motivation one would apply to Google, we’d be able to see that it passes with flying colors. In emphasizing that Google’s aim is to provide something for the people, its users, it sends its employees a positive message and notion of what they’re doing. The heads of the company, exhibits how its end is always to keep its users happy and in turn make some profits; rather than prioritizing the latter, and hopefully make the customer satisfied.When employees are successfully able to grasp this, they can be motivated to do their jobs well. They can also find sincerity in the company’s concern for the wants of internet users, when they can feel this same care being projected to them by their company leaders. They know it’s not just a spiel for good publicity; values are indeed being placed in Google with the n umerous perks that work to guarantee that each worker would be in the best working conditions that are appropriate in addressing the ends of the company. A person, who sees affirmation in the goals of the organization he is in, would more likely move to give back and imbibe such standards as the fitting way to work within.Now, let us see the effectiveness of Google job precept parallel to the job characteristics model, in order to see whether or not the company is able to set par. Hackman and Oldman purports that we should design jobs in such a way that the work itself can be a motivation to strive for better performance. We must for example pattern the development of job specifications based on core characteristics that would uplift three significant psychological states (meaningfulness, responsibility, and knowledge of the results) that are significant in producing a positive working outcome.Google places emphasis on their goal of providing users with useful and effective services , and they disseminate this to their employees in such a way that the latter sees themselves as part of a something that does something good for the people. This techno-altruistic fabric Google is enveloped in, makes being one of the weavers a worthwhile project for the self, its not just being part of a corporate tycoon, but doing something meaningful while satisfying the urge for a good paying career.One of the company values Google upholds is the care and trust it gives to the capacity of its people. It attempts to get tasks done with the least amount of managerial supervision as much as possible. It fosters a working atmosphere wherein regardless of what one’s rank in the corporate structure is; his/her ideas would be heard and valued. This also manifested in their belief of democracy in the web; in such a way that they allow users to really say their piece of what they want to see in a web application.Working in Google, allows inner growth, the latter makes it a point no t to tie you up to the specifications of your job. In fact, they even order their engineers to devote 20% of their time pursuing their own ideas. This is hitting two birds with one stone, something which Google has been shown to be a master of. For one thing, it allows the right motivation that would allow the person enough leeway for individual growth. The employee sees himself not only as a worker but a potential leader; he is able to harness the feeling of being an influence. On the other hand, the corporation gains from the possible innovations its employees can cook up, amidst this network of brainstorming (individual and organizational levels), an idea as great as its search engine may arise.Through these means, Google is able to meet the googler’s expectations; it provides the same consideration in the people involved in the company in the same way it promises to deliver quick and reliable access to information on the internet. As such, the ambience in the Googleplex i s also laid-back, convenient for both creative problem solving and challenging the notion of being the best; by asking for better than the best. The ordered chaos also personifies the demand for fast-pace thinking, action, and progress.The benefits given to Google employees is beyond motivation, its bound to make those working for its competitor drool with envy. As such, Google can expect only the best, when it keeps the people that work to keep it afloat happy at all times, the effect is an effort to not let down the company. This could be to ensure that working conditions would remain the same, but as well as prove that one deserves to belong to such a corporation.If we turn to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs we’ll be able to see just how Google is able to produce great outcomes from its googlers. Physiologically, no googler has to worry about not being able to eat lunch due to work pressure; they can in fact discuss business in the numerous cafeterias that offers free f ood. Craving to eat something (which I can assure can be distracting) would not have to worry a man/woman of Google. Services are also offered within the complex to guarantee that a googler need not put all other things on hold in order to work for a major corporation.Social needs are met, by making sure that everyone gets the chance to mingle and socialize through various activities that makes employees have fun, keeping them in a happy disposition to work. Self actualization and esteem are kept high, with Google heads making sure that everyone gets to do something the way they want it done, and yet pushes them to realize that they need be confined to the typical list of duties assigned to them.Googlers have a say of how the company will run its course for as long as it coincides with the values and philosophies upheld. This is perhaps, what makes Google the best company to work for†¦ the fact that working for Google always merges fun and personal growth to become more than ju st the best.Reference:Lashinsky, Adam. â€Å"Chaos by Design†. In Fortune Magazine. October 2, 2006. money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2006/10/02/8387489/index.htm. July 27, 2007Ten Things Google has Found True. In Google Corporate Information: Our Philosophy. (2007). http://www.google.com.ph/intl/en/about/company/philosophy/.  Ã‚  Ã‚   July 28, 2007.Notes on Employee Satisfaction Model. (2007)Notes on Theories of Motivation. (2007)

To Toll or Not To Toll

Various public facilities have important uses aside from revenue generation of the government. Like the tollgates, these facilities serve for the conduct of checkpoints, safety for the commuting public and substantially generate government revenues. On the contrary, tollgates are also criticized as the bottlenecks of traffic as vehicles lined up at the maximum or minimum performance of the tollkeepers. In the State of Connecticut, the Federal state and local governments plans reinstalling tolls on its highways. Several perceptions insinuate that causes of road accidents were due the absence of tollgates.It could be for the reasons that tollgates would slow down the speed of approaching vehicles as tollkeepers manning the traffic congestion from entry and exit lanes. This position paper will discuss and examine several points of considerations relating the reinstallation of tollgates in the State of Connecticut. Discussions It has been earlier reported in the 1980s that the removal of toll booths in the State of Connecticut have subsequently attributed to several road accidents that accounted about seven people who crashed and died at the Stratford tolls.In brief, Connecticut had more than 100 private turnpikes which were built from the period 1790 to 1850. The popularization of automobiles in the mid-20th century resulted to renew toll-backed financing to finance highways. In the 1990s to early 2000, technology plays a vital aspect in toll innovations through the introduction of electronic toll collection machines. Based on the May 10th 2009 news item ‘Toll proposals to be discussed at Thursday hearing’ by Martin B.Cassidy from the electronic publication of The Advocate, the Chairman of the Transportation Strategy Board Kevin Kelleher stated that â€Å"all the tolling concepts would use an EZ-Pass system†, referring to the system that would collect or tabulate fees from cars traveling at a speed of 55 miles per hour and up (1). Corey Sipe (2 006) in his article at Associated Content electronic publishing has discussed the analysis of James J. Fazzalaro of the office of Legislative research which cited that one-way gateway toll fees at $1. 00 could generate $58 million in revenues (1).Meanwhile, the web site of BethelRepublicans. Org (2009) has published ‘Opposed to Tolls on I-84 in Danbury’, implying that toll should not only be implemented to generate revenues but also to promote efficiency. Further, it reported that Connecticut Republican Senator Michael McLachlan pointed out on the issue of traffic congestion during a forum held at Western Connecticut State University on March 26th 2009. As cited from the article of BethelRepublicans. Org (2009), it quoted Senator McLachlan who said that â€Å"drivers are trying to avoid the I-84 tolls by rerouting in community areas† (2).In which case, rerouting in the residential community areas congest the traffic of small roads in Danbury and residents could b e prone to accidents. It may be acknowledged that Senator McLachlan has raised a considerable point not only on the issue of traffic situation but as well the public safety, in which could pave the way in the implementation of the tolling system. Despite the concern of Senator McLachlan, it was also pointed out that travel time, gas consumption and toll fees could be an added expense to reconsider (2).Indeed, many motorists tend to shorten their travel time and avoid the additional expenses for gas and toll fees. Moreover as previously covered in the article of Martin B. Cassidy (2009), the implementation of congestion pricing addresses the issue of efficiency. According to Cassidy (2009), the South Western Regional Planning Agency Executive Director Floyd Lapp commented that the state should use congestion pricing (1). It can be explained that â€Å"congestion pricing† is the process of charging distinctly separate toll rates on â€Å"peak or off-peak† travel time sch edules.Also, the toll rates can be implemented in two ways, namely â€Å"static pricing† is attained in periodic intervals on a monthly or quarterly basis with published toll rates adjustments, while â€Å"dynamic pricing† can be implemented by using â€Å"electronic traffic sensor system† to monitor the volume of traffic and automatically adjust the toll rates. Early this year, the Associated Press in its electronic news has published ‘Report Pending on Highway Tolls in Connecticut’ with reference to the $1 Million research contract which was engaged by Connecticut Transportation Strategy Board (CTSB) with Cambridge Systematics, Inc.(CSI). The Associated Press has implied the result of the research-study could be the turning point to realize the seemingly idyllic yet pending developments on the tolling project implementation. However, the Associated Press quoted that â€Å"it is still doubtful whether the CTSB would be supportive of CSI’s f indings and propositions† (1). On the following month after the comments of Associated Press, the year 2009 report of the Cambridge Systematics, Inc. (CSI) was then submitted to Connecticut Transportation Strategy Board (CTSB).The report which entitled: ‘Connecticut Electronic Tolling and Congestion Pricing Study’ was an independent technical study that formulated the strategic and feasible options in the implementation of the toll project. To generally describe the report, it contained variable conceptual framework on how the toll project can be effectively implemented and efficiently perform for public good, together with financial indicators that indicates the cost benefits of the state.Overall, the report has extensively presented the financial viabilities that comprised the operational components. As cited, the CSI report has highlighted the following findings (2): †¢ The New Toll Express Lanes require construction of new lanes and tolling, such as expre ss lanes: A-1: Interstate 95 (Branford to Rhode Island State Line), and A-2: Interstate 84 (Waterbury to New York State Line);†¢ Conceptually, every users pay toll in spite of the occupancy levels and types of vehicles; †¢ Neither access strip would produce traffic congestion, estimating from 6. 2 to 13. 8 percents decline of vehicles for every hour of delay, which shall be implemented at â€Å"I-95 and I-84† toll projects within one year period exclusive of new lanes. CSI (2009) has further presented the estimated revenue generation within a 30-year target, as shown in the illustration below:

Holden Caufield Essays - Literary Realism, The Catcher In The Rye

Holden Caufield Essays - Literary Realism, The Catcher In The Rye Holden Caufield In JD Salingers' Catcher in the Rye, a troubled teenager named Holden Caufield struggles with the fact that everyone has to grow up. The book gets its title from Holden's constant concern with the loss of innocence. He did not want children to grow up because he felt that adults are corrupt. This is seen when Holden tries to erase naughty words from the walls of an elementary school where his younger sister Phoebe attended. While I was sitting down, I saw something that drove me crazy. Somebody'd written 'Fuck you' on the wall. It drove me damn near crazy. I thought how Phoebe and all the other little kids would see it, and how they'd wonder what the hell it meant, and then finally some dirty kid would tell them- all cockeyed, naturally- what it meant, and how they'd all think about it and maybe even worry about it for a couple of days. I kept wanting to kill whoever'd written it. I figured it was some perverty bum that'd sneaked in the school late at night to take a leak or something and then wrote it on the wall. I kept picturing myself catching him at it, and how I'd smash his head on the stone steps till hew as good and goddam dead and bloody. (201) His deep concern with impeccability caused him to create stereotypes of a hooligan that would try to corrupt the children of an elementary school. Holden believed that children were innocent because they viewed the world and society without any bias. When Phoebe asked him to name something that he would like to be when he grew up, the only thing he would have liked to be was a catcher in the rye. He invented an illusion for himself of a strange fantasy. He stated that he would like to follow a poem by Robert Burns: If a body catch a body comin' through the rye. He kept picturing all these little kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids, and nobody's around- nobody big, I mean- except me. And I'm standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff- I mean if they're running and they don't look where they're going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. That|s all I'd do all day. I'd just be the catcher in the rye and all. I know it's crazy, but that's the only thing I'd really like to be. (173) Holden wants to stop children from falling into losing their innocence and becoming an adult, and he takes pleasure in the attempted thwarting of maturation. In the beginning of Catcher in the Rye, his initial character is one of a child. Throughout the book, he takes steps and the forces of change take a toll on his childish ways. In the end, he seems to be changed into a man. Holden is definitely extremely immature in the beginning of the book. He characterizes almost every person he meets as a phony. He feels that he is surrounded by hypocrites in a school filled with fakery. Principal Thurmer, the principal of Holden's high school, Pencey, was the leader of the whole charade. During a teacher/parent day, Principal Thurmer would only say hello to the wealthy parents of students. He would not associate himself with those that were not financially stable, because he was a phony. Holden also maintains a lack of responsibility throughout the whole book. He was the equipment manager of the fencing team at Pencey, but he lost the equipment on the subway. He also failed out of two schools for lack of effort and absences from classes. Holden also had a daydream about two children who never grew up, whore main in a perfect world forever. This daydream is a result of his younger brother Allie's death. Allie represents the unchangeable youth of which Holden must let go if he ever expects to maintain sanity. Holden has a fixation on childhood, which shows itself in many forms. His glorification of children, inordinate admiration of Phoebe, idealization of his dead younger brother, and the joy he gets from reminiscing about his own childhood all contribute to his obsession with innocence and youth. Throughout the middle of the book, forces of change unfold

Courses Recommended for Medical School Applicants

Courses Recommended for Medical School Applicants Perhaps it goes without saying that getting into medical school is challenging. With about 90,000 applicants each year and an acceptance rate of 44%, you cannot afford to slack on any entry requirements. It becomes even more challenging  gaining admission to medical school  when you are applying to the top 100 schools in the U.S., whose acceptance rate is a mere 6.9 percent in 2015.   One very simple prerequisite for entry to med school is completing all the required courses necessary to apply. These courses are nonnegotiable because they are required by the Association of American Medical Schools (AAMC), the organization that accredits medical schools. Make sure you have all of the following courses completed (or in the process of being completed) when you apply to medical school. Required Courses Since the medical field is heavy in sciences that concern the body and its environment, one would be right to assume a full year (two semesters) of biology and physics are needed to meet the AAMC prerequisites for applicants. Some schools may also require a semester of genetics and to ensure the applicant receives a well-rounded education and has the skills necessary to communicate well, a full year of English is also required.   Additionally, the AAMC requires applicants to complete one year each of organic and inorganic chemistry. These specific fields of study improve applicants understanding of the fundamentals of science as it relates to the medical field, be it for the chemicals needed in aesthetic treatment or for the chemical components of living matter.   Although thats all of the required courses specific to applying to medical schools, you also have to abide by your colleges curriculum  guidelines in order to earn your degree. Be sure to consult your counselor about which courses are required for your degree and how best to integrate the required courses into your schedule.   Recommended Courses You should also discuss courses that your counselor recommends that will give you a competitive advantage in your admission to medical school. Although these courses are not required, they could greatly help simplify your graduate-level studies. Taking Calculus- which many schools do require- could, for instance, lend to simplifying later chemistry equations youll need to use to pass advanced classes.   Many of the recommended courses also help prepare the potential med school student for being a doctor. Molecular biology, neuroscience, and upper-level psychology are often recommended to help the hopeful doctorate better understand more advanced lessons detailing the body and the brain. Statistics or epidemiology and ethics will help the doctor to understand the variety of patients and potential outcomes he or she may face in his or her career. These recommended courses illustrate the basic educational themes that med schools look for in applicants: the capacity and interest for understanding science, logical thinking,  good communication skills, and high ethical standards.  Ã‚  You don’t need to be a premed major  to complete these courses and meet the prerequisites for medical school, but make no mistake that a premed major certainly helps.

What is business ethics Staff Motivation Dissertation

What is business ethics Staff Motivation - Dissertation Example Widespread knowledge of the need to paying so much attention to human resource has therefore paved way for the understanding that ‘the people are the money because the people make the money’. Talking of people here brings our focus to two major categories of people who are customers and employees. There have been several debates in the field of human resource management as to which of these two groups determine the growth of a company most. This dissertation shall however give much attention to employees as vital human resource components for business growth. In discussing the need to ensuring a well catered for human resource, and having the employee as a focus, one issue that comes out easily is the issue of business ethics. This is because reviewers and researchers have worked assiduously to coming to proof that having sets of business ethics that focuses on the well-being of the employee has a lot to do with determining the growth rate of any company. Business ethics plays vital role; especially when well applied in ensuring that the welfare of the employee is catered for. Business ethics however comes in several ways and forms. For the sake of this research, the researcher shall base his arguments on business ethics on employee or staff motivation. Painfully, many organizations and companies refuse to see employee motivation as a core component of business or organizational ethics. This is a wrong perception because lack of motivation affects a company or an organization in several different ways and when it gets out of hand, it becomes obvious in small phenomenon like absenteeism, conflicts, increased deviance, less team work and bad reactions towards customers (Quatro & Sims 2008, p.273). Motivation is a natural phenomenon of life and so are its effects. There are researchers who even describe the effect or reaction that follows motivation as one of the world’s most contentious forms of involuntary action (Wright, 2001). To some, the reaction of motivation is magical †¦ and to yet to some others, it cannot be tamed. This is because almost all people around the world react to motivation in the same way. Once a person is motivated, especially at work, the person becomes energized and fueled to give off his or her every best. It is for this reason that the researcher has dedicated this research work to finding the relationship between staff motivation as a form of business ethics and increased productivity and subsequent increase in business growth. Research Aim This study is done with an aim of analyzing the effects of business ethics in motivating the staff and bringing about a change in their productivity levels. This is however a very broad aim that needs to be synthesized. The researcher has done this process of synthesis by breaking the research aim into specific objectives for the research. Specific Objectives These specific objectives are minor and intermittent goals that have set by the researcher. It is the hope of the researcher that along the conduct of the entire research, various tasks taken shall lead to the achievement of the specific objectives. This is because as the specific objectives get achieved along the research, it would lead to the eventual achievement of the broader researcher aim set above. To this end, the specific research objectives to be used by the researcher are as follows: 1. To explain the meaning of the term, business ethics. 2. To explore the various forms of

Sibelius symphony no.7 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Sibelius symphony no.7 - Research Paper Example Additionally other works inspired by the Finnish culture include over 100 songs for piano and Voice. Some of the works include the opera music, Masonic ritual music, piano music and chamber music (Rahkonen, 2011). Sibelius composed up to the middle of 1920s, but since his production of the Seventh symphony in the year 1924, in the year 1926 when he produced "tone poem Tapiola" and "music to The Tempest" and he went quite since then. Sibelius has not produced other significant works. He is reputed to have stopped producing, but there have been some efforts to compose the eighth symphony. During the last periods of his life, he edited and wrote music for the Masonic. Although the man had an interest in developing new music, he was not much enthusiastic about modern music (Rahkonen, 2011). The Finnish nation mark a flag day on the 8 December to celebrate the composers birthday, and his image featured in the 100-mark bill until the year 2002 when it went out of circulation. Sibelius was born in Finland in the Russian Grand Duchy. He was the son of a Swedish doctor Gustaf Sibelius and Maria Sibelius. His real Swedish and Finnish name was "Janne" but he is known universally by the name Jean a French version that he adopted during his schooling years after being inspired by name in a business card of his uncle. His first language was Swedish, but he got a chance to go to Finnish speaking school from 1876 to 1885. From the age of 15, Jean has set out to be a Violin player; and he did accomplish his passion by performing the two last movements in Helsinki. After graduating from high school education, Jean Sibelius proceeded to study law at the prestigious imperial Alexander University of Finland. However, he eventually left his studies to concentrate in performing music (Costabile-Heming, 2004). From the year 1885 to 1889, Jean studied music in the Sibelius academy (formerly known as the Helsiki School of music). He

Friedrich Froebel Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Friedrich Froebel - Research Paper Example Friedrich Froebel (1782-1852) was born in the Oberweibach area of Thuringia, Germany on 21 April 1782. His father was an orthodox Lutheran pastor who ran the parish there. So it was not surprising that the Church and the Lutheran religion became the first pillars of Froebel’s own education. To his bad luck, the health of Froebel’s mother began to fail soon after his birth and she died within nine months. Froebel’s father also passed away in 1802 and he was sent to live with an uncle in the adjoining village of Stadt-Ilm. Froebel started his career as an educationist in 1805 as a secondary school teacher in Frankfurt. At this time he was impressed by the work of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, also working with him in Switzerland to further develop his ideas. In 1811 Froebel once again went to Berlin and became a teacher at a boarding school for boys that specialized in pedagogy and patriotism. After serving in the Napoleonic wars of 1813-14, he was employed in the Institute of Mineralogy by Christian Samuel Weiss. However he did not hold this job for long and ultimately founded the German General Educational Institute in Arnstadt, Thirungia. He began publishing pamphlets about the need for education in 1820. In 1826 he published the Education of Man, his main work, followed by the Educating Families in 1828. In 1840, he finally started the first kindergarten concept in Germany at the Play and Activity Institute which he had established in 1837 (Rusk & Scotland, 1979: 32). He also designed toys and activ ity materials dubbed Froebel’s Gifts for these young kids. He died at Mariental on 21 June 1852. Important Contributions Froebel was instrumental in including the concept of play and free association for kids in the classroom. He also trained people in his teaching methods and discipline. Following the success of his methods, his student Margaret Schultz opened up a kindergarten at Wisconsin in 1856 and Elizabeth Peabody in Boston in 1860. By 1911, kindergarten education was officially recognized in Germany under its own state and regulatory laws. Froebel College in South West London in the UK was started in 1892 to respect and follow his traditions. He also was the first to train women in pedagogy at the premises granted by the Duke of Meiningen for this purpose(Weber, 1969: 13). According to Sniegoski (1994: 3), Froebel can be credited for ignoring the idea that the child was like a plant or a lump of clay into which education can be implanted. This concept originated by Lo cke was in vogue at the time, but the tireless efforts of Frobel and his followers soon brought in a new concept, namely the importance of play and learning at one’s own pace. Each new activity grew out of a previously available idea and thus a child was able to grow in stages of intellectual development. Much the same thing has been recognized and identified by other thinkers such as Jean Piaget. Froebel regarded play as the most important basis for the spontaneous development of the child. Another idea Froebel encouraged was self activity. He preferred that the learner educate himself. The task of the teacher was just to create a learning environment for the child, and shield the child from danger or unwanted processes. Froebel opined that for the first year of life, the mother was a child’s most important teacher, while they depended on the whole family for support and contentment. As the child

Macbeths Ambition

Macbeths Ambition Macbeth goes through a steadily detrimental transformation in Shakespeares play Macbeth. Macbeth goes from being a conscientious, compassionate, logical and caring man in the beginning of the play and becoming logical, compassionate, caring, and conscientious man in the beginning of the play and becoming a cruel and insensitive excuse of a human being. His change in behavior from compassionate to insensitive and logical to illogical develops slowly, but surely. Macbeth shows that he is capable at his height in being compassionate and logical, which can be seen while he contemplates killing Duncan and in his final decision on the matter. Later, we see evidence of a descent from this when he is deciding to kill Banquo: his motives change, and he becomes less logical, less able to see the reasons against the deed. Finally, Macbeth shows that he has lost it all. Sanity, compassion, logic, everything is gone that once had been so evident at the beginning of the play. Macbeth becomes jaded and cynical, apathetically hopeless, a mass of entity that had once lived in honor. In trying to decide whether or not to murder Duncan in his soliloquy in Act I Scene VII, both the process by which Macbeth makes his decision and the final decision that he will not murder his king are indicative of conscience and thoughtfulness, morality and compassion. This is the high point from which Macbeth will fall. It is important to understand that he overcomes both the temptation of inherent ambition as well as provocation from his wife in regards to his fateful decision. He is on top of his own actions and decisions: compassion, an ethical attribute, takes precedence over vaulting ambition. However he firstly shows he is well aware of the punitive consequences of the murder, so he admits he would commit the assassination if it were the be-all and the end-all, lacking any negative repercussions. The fact that he can understand the judgment here shows he is thinking ahead. Then, he literally states what may happen; that the bloody instructions, murderous acts, may return to plague the inventor, comeback to murder he who committed murder in the first place. Only a person in a focused state of mind is able to grapple with specific potential consequences. Furthermore, he then goes through a laundry list of ethical reasons not to murder Duncan: I am his kinsman and his subject/ Strong both against the deed. He realizes, in a logical progression on these ethical points against the deed that he should protect Duncan, shut the door from the murderer not bear the knife [him]self. Here, he shows that he understands the responsibilities of being a host and a kinsman, and he is seen respecting the laws of hospitality in spite of tremendous external and internal pressure. He shows he cares. Then, Macbeth acknowledges that Duncan has borne his faculties so meekà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹been so fair in officeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹that his virtues will plead like angels, and pity, like a naked new-born babe,Ã…Â  /Shall blow the horrid dead in every eye. Macbeth, in comparing virt ues to angels, shows us that in his present state of mind, he sees morality as something to strive for, as angels are the representative pinnacle of morality. Furthermore he believes the murder to be a horrid or in this case immoral deed, proving he is able to differentiate good from bad. The metaphor of the baby, who represents pity, shows that Macbeth understands that pity is pure, like a baby, untainted by immorality and vaulting ambition. Macbeth shows he aspires to be moral, because his final and adamant decision is in accordance with what pity demands. He is not at all numb to the idea of murder; he is virtually repulsed by it. In his soliloquy in Act III Scene I, Macbeth is shown to have descended dramatically from his original state: he is jealous, fearful, and certainly not compassionate. He finds no reason not to kill Banquo as he had with Duncan, though Macbeth freely admits that Banquo has a royal nature. The usage of royal here means Macbeth still can tell wrong from right, good nature from bad nature. But this does not in any way deter Macbeth from killing Banquo as it did with Duncan. Macbeth says, To be [king] is nothing; /But to be safely thus meaning that the only way to achieve safety, which Macbeth equates to happiness, is to slaughter Banquo. What is striking here is what is missing: there is no pro-con list, no reasons against the murder. We are also shown here by what is not said that Macbeth is losing his pragmatic skills, because logic dictates that for him to commit another cold-blooded murder, the first having already driven him to incurable insomnia, would cause him only to spiral furt her and further away from happiness. The fact that he doesnt consider Banquos morality as a reason against killing him shows that Macbeth is on his way to being totally numb when dealing with death and murder. And, instead of being thoughtful, Macbeth is blinded by fear and jealousy, because his genius is rebukd [by Banquo]. This fear is clear when he says explicitly that there is none but he /Whose being I do fear. Banquo is the only one Macbeth fears. Also, before he was concerned with the laws of hospitality which include modesty, and now by contradiction he calls himself genius and even compares himself to Caesar. His jealousy, not ambition like before, drives him to have contempt for the wis[e] Banquo, because Banquo, according to the witches, is father to a line of kings which means Macbeth has a fruitless crown. The why of the fear is explained by implication when Macbeth states that the barren scepter or pointless symbol of Macbeths status as king, will be wrenchd with an un lineal hand from his gripe. To wrench is to take forcefully, inspiring fear. This fear later turns to regret, as he says that only for Banquos descendants, only for them, rather than for himself has he murdered the gracious Duncan. In his mind, this means that he has sold his soul, his eternal jewel, to the common enemy of man Satan. This metaphor shows self-acknowledged moral decay, which is a double-sided coin: morally he has indeed decayed, and yet he can still recognize it, which is a step in the right direction. But he is so melodramatic about this point (the two exclamation marks: kings! and utterance!) that he is perhaps losing control over his words if not his sanity, which is confirmed concretely when Banquos ghost emerges from Macbeths tortured psyche later. Total descent is on the horizon. At first he cares about the morality of Duncan and himself. Pity had played an integral role in his life. Now he cares only for his own well-being. The next step is total apathy. By Act V Scene V, Macbeth has fallen entirely from his original state. He has lost all compassion, all conscience, even all fear. In essence, Macbeth is totally numb from life. He says explicitly that he cares so little that he has almost forgot[ten] the taste of fears. Progressively his fears had narrowed: originally he feared the punitive and moral consequences of killing Duncan. At least later he had feared Banquo though for less noble reasons. Now he fears almost nothing. A night-shriek can no longer rouse and stir him because he has suppd full with horrors. The only way horror could become unable to start Macbeth would be if he is too numb even to be able to recognize it. At the beginning, as shown, he is repulsed by the horror of murder; now he is too familiar with slaughterous thoughts even to be frightened. The word slaughterous implies violent, almost gory thoughts, which convey the extent to which Macbeth truly is numb to blood. Macbeth is then told that his wife is dead. S ummarily his reaction is one of apathetic despair, which is a huge fall even from caring about being safely king (in deciding to murder Banquo). He only says about his wife that she should have died hereafter, that she would have died sometime in any case. By saying this, Macbeth shows he no longer thinks of time as we do. Obviously, everyone dies, including his wife, but he fails to acknowledge or even care about the time that he could have spent with his dearest partner in greatness between her present death and when she would have died naturally. In fact, his new attitude of time is jaded, awful, hopeless. The monotony of the sound of the phrase to-morrow, and to-morrow, and to-morrow shows he feels that time truly is just many different paths leading to the same inevitable conclusion: dusty death. All of our yesterdays lead to this death. He leaves no loophole to beat this cynical system of existence. He even urges death on, in relation to himself, saying Out, out brief candle! The image of a candle slowly flickering away is Macbeths way of conveying poetically that life is truly nothing more that an empty shell approaching death, a walking shadowÃ…Â  that frets his hour upon the stage. The word frets implies wasting time. This candle is then heard no more, so therefore its existence, Macbeths existence, is pointless. Even though life is full of sound and fury, powerful events, it still signif[ies] nothing. Life is hollow. The descent is complete. He doesnt care for his wife, nor himself, because life is just a tale told by an idiot. Life, that which Macbeth had hoped to live safely and happily, has now been concluded to be insignificant, a waste of time. Concerning the difference between good and bad, life now for Macbeth is all gray, clouded by cynicism. He simply does not care anymore, because if something signif[ies] nothing then it means nothing. And if one finds no meaning in life, one certainly doesnt care about petty distinctions, such as good versus bad, morality versus immorality, life versus death. Nothing can be lower, emotionally, than this point in Macbeths regression. By depicting Macbeths regression from compassion to apathy, Shakespeare warns us that one should not try to exceed ones set manhood, as Macbeth says, I dare do all that may become a man; /Who dares do more, is none. He does dare to do more and consequently ends up as none. Shakespeare summarizes the entire play in a single quotation. By trying to please his wife, trying to prove to her his love, Macbeth violates his idea about what a man is. Up to that point he had been brave and even moral in defending his king Duncan on the battlefield. To him, this is what a man is. Now, for his wife, he goes beyond this definition, in a realm that is paradoxically so manly that it truly is not manly; it is a bravado. It is as if Macbeth is dared into drinking so much of the wine of ambition that he ends up first drunk, then dead. The first wife-inspired big sip is in murdering his king. This is clearly where he goes wrong, because his decision to kill Duncan ultimately leads to his destruction. Works Cited and Consulted: Adelman, Janet. Escaping the Matrix: The Construction of Masculinity in Macbeth and Coriolanus. Shakespeares Late Tragedies, ed. Susan L. Wofford. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1996, 134-167. Garber, Marjorie. Macbeth: The Male Medusa. Shakespeares Late Tragedies, ed. Susan L. Wofford. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1996, 74-103. Keirnan, Victor. Eight Tragedies of Shakespeare: A Marxist Study. London, NY: Verso, 1996. Nelson, T.A. ENGL 533 lecture February 18, 1999. Stallybrass, Peter. Macbeth and Witchcraft. Shakespeares Late Tragedies, ed. Susan L. Wofford. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall Inc. 1996, 104-118. Staunton, Howard, ed. The Globe Illustrated Shakespeare. New York: Gramercy Books, 1979. Watson, Robert N. Shakespeare and the Hazards of Ambition. Cambidge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1984

Doublemajoring in Literature Essay -- Personal Narrative Papers

Doublemajoring in Literature I came to Loras College intending to major in Biochemistry and only Biochemistry. I was prepared to be very serious in my studies, focused on facts, and determined to work as hard as possible to succeed, but I realized in my first semester Critical Writing: Poetry course the importance of feeling and expression in my life. I poured over chemistry and biology books, studying, rewriting, memorizing, and reveling in science; but I can remember the release and the emotional experience poetry was able to provide for me. I recall telling Dr. Bauerly that I decided to double major in Biochemistry and English Literature because I wanted to read without feeling guilty for neglecting my other homework. English Literature studies have allowed me to bring feeling and emotion to the side of me that I sometimes recognize as a skeptical and cold scientist. I always felt that I have been slightly different from other students majoring in English Literature. I never really considered myself to be creative, artistic, or insightful. I can remember my first few English Literature courses, in which I questioned whether I would really have anything of significance to add to group discussions. One of my strengths, however, as a major in English Literature has been my ability to be open and interested in new things. I try to be open and learn new ideas, styles of writing, various opinions, and critical strategies. I love hearing other people’s opinions about symbolism and theme, and I think it is interesting to consider why they see the image in such a manner. Color and Eveline and I represent my strengths as an open minded and curious person. I was skeptical about imitating an author’s style and about the significa... ...se it was an essay that I did not think I could do, but I feel I succeeded in writing it in Toomer’s style as well as developing some of my own. I learned that I should still try to accomplish overwhelming goals, even if I doubt my abilities. Studying English Literature has been a joy and a release for me. I have learned a great deal not only about other races, cultures, ages, and people in general; but also I have learned so much about myself. Literature allowed my mind and heart time to practice working together to form decisions and opinions. This aspect, listening and learning with both my heart and mind, is one skill I feel I can bring with me anywhere. This skill would make me a better doctor, a better mother, and a better person. Therefore, never have I regretted double majoring in Biochemistry and English Literature, and I doubt sincerely if I ever will.

Final Project: Financial Analysis

Two of the major competing companies that manufacture drinks are Coca-Cola, and Pepsi. They both produce regular water, flavored water, and soft drinks of many kinds. While this essay will explain what vertical and horizontal analysis is, it will also explain each company’s vertical and horizontal analyses. Also the ratios for each company will be given, and several examples as to how each company can improve in their financial status. The financial analysis of both companies is very important so both businesses can understand how they are being managed.It is very important for a company to keep up to date financial documents, audits, taxes, and other financial statements. This is the information needed to show what a company is doing with their finances and what they have done in the past. This information is also very useful for management to use and know what to do differently in future months or years. Information like this allows a company to grow, and have healthy produc tion going forward. Having this data also helps management, investors, and creditors know if there are any issues that have come up in the past that need to be worked on.While in competition, these two companies have continued to grow in size, market value, and profit sales. Since the beginning of their competition, both companies have ventured into new areas of sales, (such as snack foods, iced tea, and bottled water) and they continue to think of new ways to grow their business yearly. In order for both companies to continue to grow in the ways they foresee, they must have investors to invest money in the company.These current and potential investors will first look at both company’s financial statements and data, find as much information as possible needed to make a decision, then make a judgment call as to which company is the best investment at the time. By competing for the number one position of drink provider, both companies have continued to grow and prosper by creat ing new beverages throughout the years. Since they both have the advantage of being known on a global scale, they have been rated number one and two for many years.They have modeled practices that one another have followed in order that they could overcome any obstacles to worldwide manufacture and distributions. (The Coca Cola Company, 2009). Although they are two different companies, they produce somewhat similar products, and their distribution techniques and services are very similar also. Both companies continue to use the â€Å"follow up strategy†, which was used to explain that when one of the companies launched a new product the other would very quickly come up with a similar product or service.Using this method one could see why these two companies easily pass all other companies in the competition. Even though both these companies are both growing rapidly and gaining huge profits yearly, they have also had to deal with global issues, politics, and precedents. They b oth have taken risks getting into business with markets where they didn’t necessarily belong and where the risk was far too great. So they had to back out of some markets because of several issues that arose from those ventures. They had to find who their target audience was and begin to produce products that were specifically made for that group of people.By making it appear as if they are following the highest moral and ethical practices, they create a product that is focused towards a specific population. Then, even though other companies cannot compete at the level that Pepsi and Coke can, they also try to use the same target influences in global markets. There are three tools of the financial statement analysis: Vertical, Horizontal, and Ratio Analysis. Each tool has a different function, but each helps to analyze important information and data that is in a financial statement.The Vertical Analysis, also called Common Size Analysis, is used to express data in a statement as a percent from the base amount. The base figure given represents the total assets of each company. The main starting point for the financial analysis is the total assets amount for each company. This becomes useful when a company wants to be able to see what percent of assets cash and other items represent. The Horizontal Analysis, also called Trend Analysis, is used to evaluate how a company performs within an accounting period to another accounting period.The change in percentages given can help a company to better see trends over a designated time frame. Lastly, Ratio Analysis is used to express a relationship among specific items on a financial statement. These relationships are give n in terms of a percent, or a rate. * To fully examine Pepsi I must look at the Consolidated Balance Sheet and take a look at the Current Assets, Current Liabilities, and Total Assets for years 2005 and 2004. After doing so I am able to calculate the Current Ratio for both years 2005, and 2004. The Current Ratio for 2005 is 10,454*/9,406*= 1. 11:1, and the Current Ratio for 2004 is 8,639*/6,752*= 1.28:1.To find the vertical analysis of both years I must first compute the current assets and divided them by the total assets for each year, I then get: 2005: 10,454*/31,727*= 0. 32949= 33%, and for 2004: 8,639*/27,987*= 0. 3867= 39%. Then for the horizontal analysis I got Assets: 31,727* – 27,987*27,987*= 0. 1336= 13. 3%, and for Liabilities: 17,476* – 14,464*14,464*= 0. 2082= 21%, which gives us the change in total assets. (Weygandt, Kimmel, & Kieso, 2008) After examining The Coca-Cola Company’s Consolidated Balance sheet and using the Financial Accounting worksheet I have found the Current Ratios for both years (2005, and 2004).The Current Ratio for 2005 is 10,250*/9,8368= 1. 04:1, and the Current Ratio for 2004 is 12,281*/11,133*= 1. 10:1. When we use the current assets and divide them by the total assets for each year we can find the vertical analysis f or both years: 2005: 10,250*/29,427*= 0. 3483= 35%, and 2004: 12,281*/31,441*= 0. 3906= 39. 1%. By computing the change in total assets by percentage we can find the horizontal analysis of both the assets and liabilities: Assets: 29,427 – 31,441*/31,441*= -0. 06405= -6. 4%, and Liabilities: 13,072* – 15,506*/15,506* = -. 1570 = -15. 7%.(Weygandt, Kimmel, & Kieso, 2008)The total assets that we previously stated above can be used with other items on the company’s balance sheet. For example, the cost of sales for Pepsi in 2004 was $12,674* which gives the ratio percentage of 45. 3% in their total assets. In 2005, the cost of sales for Pepsi was $14,167*, which gives the ratio percentage of 44. 7% in their total assets. For Coke their cost of sales in 2004 was $7,674*, which yields the ratio percentage of 24. 4% in their total assets, and in 2005 their cost of sales was $8,195*. This gives us the ratio percentage of 27.8% in their total assets.Over the two years (20 04 and 2005) Pepsi’s cost of sales sold differed by a small amount of . 5%, Coke on the other hand an increase of 3. 4% in the same two year time frame. When looking at this information an increase in items sold does not always reveal a positive analysis, because this figure does not go far enough into detail as to whether the increase given is a positive measure. Net income will be the next item to be discussed for the two companies. In 2004, Pepsi had a net income of $4,212*; this gives us a ratio percentage of 15.1% of their total assets. In 2005, Pepsi’s net income was $4,078*.This shows that the ratio percentage of 13. 2% is Pepsi’s total assets for 2004. So between 2004 and 2005 there is a decrease in their net income of 1. 9%. Coke had a net income of $4,847* in 2004, and a net income of $4,872* in 2005. This gives a ratio percentage of 15. 4% of their total assets in 2004, and a ratio percentage of 16. 6% in 2005. Coke unlike Pepsi has an increase of 1. 2% over these two years. Now we will discuss the current liabilities of each company for 2004 and 2005.In 2004 Pepsi’s current liabilities totaled $6,752*, which is the ratio which is the ratio percentage of 24. 1%. For 2005 their current liabilities was $9,406*, which gives the ratio percentage of 29. 9%. This shows that there was a 2% increase in Pepsi’s assets. When looking at Coke their current liabilities for 2004 were $11,133* this gives us the ratio percentage of 35. 4%, and for 2005 their current liabilities was $9,836*. This shows a ratio percentage of 33. 4%. This information reveals to us that there was a 1% decrease in Coke’s liabilities from 2004 and 2005.Looking at both companies total liabilities continues to tell us even more information about their financial status. In 2004 Pepsi’s total liability was $14,464*, which is a ratio percentage of 51. 7%. While their total liabilities in 2005 were $17,476*, so the ratio percentage is 55. 1%. Th is reveals their 3. 4% increase in their total liabilities for 2004 and 2005. Coke on the other hand had a 4. 9% decrease in total liabilities within these two years. Their total liabilities in 2004 were $15,506* with a ratio percentage 49. 3%, and for 2005 their total liabilities were $13,072* with a ratio percentage of 44.4%.After reviewing all the information for both Pepsi and Coke we can conclude that both companies experienced lower net profits for the year of 2005 then in 2004. I think that both companies should look into fixing their operation so that they can reduce this expense, once this is done they can increase their profit margins. This will help to get rid of reductions in their profits that have seemed to be nonstop. Since Pepsi had a 5. 8% increase in liabilities and they only had a 2% increase in their assets, the increase in debt did not help the company.Pepsi would better benefit if they looked into finding strategies that would help in the reduction of their tot al current liabilities. At this time they should also not take on any new debts, instead they should work harder at increasing their total current assets. Coke on the other hand decreased their total current assets by 4. 3% in these two years. I think that Coke would be better off if they looked into increasing their total current assets also. One way to do this would be to increase their net profits which would then affect their assets.Coca-Cola and Pepsi have been around for a very long time, and together both companies have helped to take the beverage industry to the next level. Both being global companies, and selling products in over 100 countries, and producing many products that appeal to all kinds of people, they have continued to grow. Taking a look at each company’s vertical and horizontal analysis we were able to see the financial status of both companies. Though both of these companies are profitable, the analysis showed in more detail how different these companie s were in 2004 and 2005.